Sinonasal Tumours

Nasal tumours are abnormal growths of the nasal cavity, sinuses and/or the nasopharynx (the space behind the nose).

Sinonasal tumours can be either benign or malignant. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment and management, as well as prevention of complications.

Benign tumours, while not cancerous, can still cause significant symptoms such as nasal obstruction, facial pressure, eye symptoms, recurrent sinus infections, and nosebleeds. Malignant (cancerous) tumours, on the other hand, can invade nearby structures and spread to other areas of the body. Risk factors for nasal tumours include exposure to certain environmental irritants like dust, wood particles, or chemicals, as well as a history of smoking or viral infections. Other types of nasal tumours may arise without a clear cause.

Factors, Symptoms, Diagnosing, and Beyond:

What are the common symptoms of nasal tumours?

Nasal tumours can cause symptoms like nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, and recurrent nosebleeds. In more advanced stages, patients may experience facial pain, facial swelling, numbness, loose teeth, changes in vision, and a reduced sense of smell due to tumour growth affecting nearby structures.

How are nasal tumours diagnosed by an ENT specialist?

To diagnose nasal tumours, an otolaryngologist may use endoscopy (a scope inserted into the nasal passages) and imaging tests such as CT or MRI to assess the tumour. A biopsy is required to confirm whether the tumour is benign or malignant, which can be done in the clinic or operating room.

What are the best treatment options for nasal tumours?

Treatment for nasal tumours depends on the type, size, and extent of the tumour. It often involves surgery to remove the tumour, possibly combined with radiation or chemotherapy, particularly for malignant tumours or those that have spread to other areas.